See thirst in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "thirst"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "thrist"
},
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "trist"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "thrist"
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"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þurst (with vocalism modified after þyrstan), from Proto-West Germanic *þurstu, from Proto-Germanic *þurstuz.\nSouthern and West Midland forms with /f/ either spread to this word from or reflect an apheretic form of afurst, a local variant of athirst, which originated from assimilation of /θ/ to the preceding /f/ in earlier ofþurst. They may have been reinforced by the parallel of afyngred, variant of ofhungred (where a similar assimilatory process occurred).",
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"form": "thrust",
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},
{
"form": "thurst",
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]
},
{
"form": "þirst",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "þrust",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þyrst",
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]
},
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]
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"form": "þirrst",
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},
{
"form": "þrisst",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
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"form": "threste",
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"Northern",
"especially"
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},
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},
{
"form": "thrist",
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{
"form": "thryst",
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},
{
"form": "þrast",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrest",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thryste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þorst",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "thorst",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "derst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ferst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "first",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þerst",
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]
},
{
"form": "þerste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
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}
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"expansion": "thirst (uncountable)",
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "athirst"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "thirsten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "thirstlewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Thirst; a need of or desire for hydration."
],
"id": "en-thirst-enm-noun-~BJrOZ4T",
"links": [
[
"Thirst",
"thirst#English"
],
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
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[
"hydration",
"hydration"
]
],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 12 7 5 8 22 7 21 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 48 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nutrition",
"orig": "enm:Nutrition",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lack of hydration; parchedness, drought."
],
"id": "en-thirst-enm-noun-PmhOYi25",
"links": [
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"hydration",
"hydration"
],
[
"parchedness",
"parchedness"
],
[
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"drought"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A strong desire or demand."
],
"id": "en-thirst-enm-noun-XlNaed4X",
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θirst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θurst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrust/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrist/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrɛst/",
"note": "East Anglia, East Saxon, Northern"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrast/",
"note": "East Saxon"
},
{
"ipa": "/furst/",
"note": "West Midland, Southern"
}
],
"word": "thirst"
}
{
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"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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],
"descendants": [
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"word": "thirst"
},
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"word": "thrist"
},
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"lang": "Shetland",
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"word": "trist"
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þurst (with vocalism modified after þyrstan), from Proto-West Germanic *þurstu, from Proto-Germanic *þurstuz.\nSouthern and West Midland forms with /f/ either spread to this word from or reflect an apheretic form of afurst, a local variant of athirst, which originated from assimilation of /θ/ to the preceding /f/ in earlier ofþurst. They may have been reinforced by the parallel of afyngred, variant of ofhungred (where a similar assimilatory process occurred).",
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},
{
"form": "thurst",
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{
"form": "þirst",
"tags": [
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{
"form": "þrust",
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},
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"form": "þyrst",
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]
},
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{
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"form": "þirrst",
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"form": "þrisst",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "þrast",
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},
{
"form": "þrest",
"tags": [
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},
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"form": "thryste",
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]
},
{
"form": "þorst",
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},
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"form": "thorst",
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]
},
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]
},
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"form": "ferst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "first",
"tags": [
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]
},
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"form": "furst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
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"form": "furste",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "þerst",
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]
},
{
"form": "þerste",
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]
}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "enm",
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{
"word": "thirstlewe"
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"word": "thirsty"
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],
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],
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],
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],
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]
],
"tags": [
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},
{
"glosses": [
"A lack of hydration; parchedness, drought."
],
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"lack",
"lack"
],
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"hydration",
"hydration"
],
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"parchedness"
],
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]
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"tags": [
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]
},
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"glosses": [
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],
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"strong",
"strong"
],
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"desire",
"desire"
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"demand",
"demand"
]
],
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θirst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θurst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrust/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrist/"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrɛst/",
"note": "East Anglia, East Saxon, Northern"
},
{
"ipa": "/θrast/",
"note": "East Saxon"
},
{
"ipa": "/furst/",
"note": "West Midland, Southern"
}
],
"word": "thirst"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thirst meaning in Middle English (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (d146717 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.